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“Investment is the employment of funds with the aim of achieving additional income or growth in the value”.
The essential quality of an investment is that it involves “waiting” for a reward. It involves the commitment of resources that have been saved or put away from current consumption in the hope that some benefits will accrue in future. The term investment does not appear to be as simple as it has been defined. Financial experts and economists have further categorized investment. It has also often been confused with the term speculation. Is investment similar to gambling ? Investing in stocks, bonds, and real estate is not the same as gambling, despite the volatility of stock, bond, and real estate prices. Neither is investing the same as putting money under the mattress. The difference are attributed to the following concepts: saving is preserving the value of money not spent, whereas investing involves taking on more calculated risk with regard to the different types of investments in the hope of earning greater and more returns. Investing and speculating are not at all the same, with investing; the probabilities of receiving positive returns over a long period of time are high. Speculating is similar to gambling, where the odds of losing are greater then the odds of winning.
Non-financial investment includes real estate, collectible (art, antiques, stamps and other collections as a store of value), precious metals, and physical resources. Besides the specialized knowledge required for investing in these non-financial investments, there are many similarities to investing in financial assets.The investment market should have a favorable environment to be able to function effectively in India where all business activities are marked by social, economic and political considerations, it is important that the political and economic institutions are favorable, for the investors. Generally, there are four basic considerations, which foster growth and ring opportunities for investment. In India there are thirteen recognized stock exchanges. These are situated in Mumbai, Kolkata, Chennai, Delhi, Ahmedbad, Banglore, Hyderabad, Kanpur, Cochin, Pune, Jaipur, and Ludhiana. The Mumbai stock exchange has the largest number of companies listed with it.“The size of the market is very large. Competition is nothing as compared to the size of the market and if all of us cooperate and grow the market will still be large enough to accommodate all of us and many more.”Government is an organization set up by the people of such country with help of specific existing set of rules and regulation of constitution. This organization runs on the mutual understanding among the ruling party and common people of the nation, they have predetermined plans and policies. Fair and equitable rate of development is one of the basic aims of any government’s operational activities this needs bulk size of amount, which is generated by the revenue departments of the government.Food, Cloth, Water and Shelter are the basic needs of any human being, and today the fourth need of human being a shelter has gained immense importance, because of increased population, even nature has the limitations of capacity to take care of specific number of population.